No you have not been played: You've no commitment to one another and if you're going to do a one nighter that you want to turn into more then how about you talk to her about exclusivity. She's not played you in the least. You assumed things and when they didn't que up for you, your ego took a hit.
See if she'll see you again and if she will then talk to her about exclusivity. If she won't give it to you then chalk it up to a good lay, get yourself tested for any lingerers and then get out and find the next girl and stop calling this one if you don't like bing one of many... but remember the lesson this one taught you... You're single and uncommitted until you've discussed and both agreed that you're not.
“The willingness to accept responsibility for one’s own life is the source from which self-respect springs.” ~Joan Didion